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Do-it-yourself installation of a gutter system - installation of roof drains

The purpose of the roof over the house does not need to be explained. One of the functions is to protect the attic or attic from precipitation, i.e. from water leakage. But, flowing down the slopes of the roof, water inevitably falls on the walls and foundation. As a result, the load-bearing elements of the building structure are destroyed very quickly.

The destructive effect of water can be avoided by installing a roof drainage system. Before we start the master class on installing gutters, a little theory.

Types of drainage systems

The drainage system has two signs of classification, which determine the technology of its installation:

1. According to the method of manufacture - home-made, industrial.

Handicraft production, i.e. homemade gutter from the roof. Facts such as the ability to make a beautiful and unusual gutter with your own hands speak in favor of this system. Making a homemade system does not involve significant costs. In addition, it can be mounted according to a user-friendly scheme. The undoubted disadvantage is the need for constant maintenance, since gutters are usually made of galvanized steel, which quickly rots. Among the conditional shortcomings are the difficulty of docking individual elements and a mediocre appearance.

Factory production (factory). This method involves maintaining all standards and parameters. That is, if necessary, you can easily join different elements from different supplies of the same manufacturer.

2. According to the material used - plastic, metal.

According to the installation method, an adhesive system is distinguished (installation takes place using glue) and glueless (installation on sealing rubber bands).

Advantages of plastic gutters:

  • immunity to ultraviolet. High-quality plastic drainage system will not burn out during the entire period of operation;
  • not subject to corrosion;
  • the adhesive system does not require maintenance, since the “cold welding” method is used, during which the elements are connected at the molecular level;
  • strength;
  • light weight;
  • operating temperature -40°С +70°С;
  • ease of installation;
  • the presence of different colors;
  • a wide variety of components allows you to create a drainage system of the desired configuration, which makes it indispensable for installation on broken roofs.

Disadvantages of PVC gutters:

  • plastic can be destroyed by mechanical stress. Therefore, such systems cannot be installed on high-rise buildings. The plastic drainage system is mounted only on a low-rise private house;
  • repair failure. A destroyed element cannot be restored;
  • a plastic drainage system with sealing rubber bands requires periodic replacement of seals, which entails disassembly / assembly of elements;
  • high coefficient of linear expansion.

The gutter system from a metal profile has several varieties: galvanized, copper, galvanized with a polymer coating (painted). The main difference between them is the cost and duration of operation. The appearance is shown in the photo.

Advantages of metal gutters:

  • strength;
  • reliability;
  • withstand significant snow loads and other environmental influences;
  • do not support combustion;
  • operating temperature -60°С +130°С;
  • dimensional stability.

Disadvantages of metal gutters:

  • high price;
  • significant weight of the entire system;
  • complexity of installation;
  • small selection of colors;
  • the appearance of rust when the protective layer is damaged (an exception is a copper drainage system);
  • a small number of elements makes it suitable only for installation on roofs with angles of 90°.

Which drainage system is better, plastic or metal, it is difficult to answer unambiguously, it all depends on the specific operating conditions and other factors. In any case, the choice of a drainage system should be based on quality indicators, not price.

From the position of this classification, we will consider how to properly mount the drainage system with our own hands.

Installation of a drainage system - instructions

Like any construction process, the technology of installing gutters includes the selection of a system, material and calculations.

There are several options for drainage systems, depending on their throughput. For example, 100/75, 125/90, 150/110. This marking shows the ratio of the diameter of the pipe and gutter. Visually, the system of circular section 125/100 and square section is in the photo.

Advice. Each manufacturer has its own dimensions of gutters, pipes. Their configuration is also different. Therefore, do not even try to dock systems from different manufacturers.

Such a variety of systems is necessary so that each user can choose the one that suits his needs.

Choosing a drainage system

To choose the right water drainage system you need:

  • get acquainted with the maximum level of precipitation in your area;
  • calculate the area of ​​​​the slope (S). Not all, but the largest in size. It is its size that will determine the choice of gutter

S \u003d (A + B / 2) x C

Nuance. For flat roofs (the slope angle does not exceed 10 °), the formula takes the form
S = A x C

Based on these measurements, select the desired system in the table.

After the system is selected, you need to determine the type and calculate the amount of materials. To do this, we will prepare drawings or diagrams of planes with dimensions. They will simplify the calculation and then the installation of the drainage system.

Calculation of the drainage system

We will illustrate, using the example of a house, how to calculate the amount of materials for installing a drainage system.

Gutter gutter - semicircular (semicircular section) and rectangular (rectangular section).

Designed to collect precipitation (rain and melt water) from the roof.

The length of the gutter is 3-4 m. It is fixed with the help of hooks and brackets, which are installed in steps of 60-90 cm, ensuring that the slope of the gutter is at least 1 cm for every 3-4 meters.

Their number in linear meters is equal to the perimeter of the base of the roof. That is, the length of all surfaces on which the gutter will be mounted. Gutter dimensions - sold by the piece in 3 and 4 m.p.

For a house the size of our example, you will need 3-meter gutters - 10 pcs. 4 meters - 1 pc.

Nuance. Round all dimensions to the nearest whole gutter length. The fewer connections, the easier, more reliable and cheaper the installation will end up.

  • Gutter angles (external (external) and internal, 90 and 135 degrees).

The corner gutter is designed to change the direction (distribution) of water flows. Mounting method: mounted on the outer and inner corners of the roof.

We will need 4 outside corners and 2 inside corners, all 90 degrees.

If a house or cottage has sharp or obtuse corners, you need to choose the system in which such corners exist.

Advice. A variety of angles can be made from a plastic gutter by cutting out part of the gutter and connecting the halves at the right angle. Parts are connected using glue - cold welding.

  • Gutter funnels, connectors, gutter plugs.

For our example - 4 funnels, 2 plugs. Connectors can be - 5 or 17. Depending on the features of the installation of a particular system. In most drainage systems, the corners are fastened directly to the gutter. But in some - with the use of a connector.

In drainage systems where installation is carried out using glue, conventional connectors and expansion joints should be used.

Compensatory is installed with a roof length of more than 8 r.m. Its installation is carried out without the use of glue. Such a connector is designed to compensate for the linear expansion of the gutter during heating / cooling. For our example, 4 regular connectors and one compensating one would be required.

Advice. One funnel receives water from 10 m.p. gutters. If the length of the wall is longer - you need to put two funnels. In our example, we did just that. In this case, the distance between two adjacent funnels cannot exceed 20 m.p.

  • Gutter hooks.

Hooks can be long or short. The first ones are designed to hang the gutter on the rafters and are attached before the installation of the roofing material. The second (short) ones are used for attaching the gutter to the frontal board, respectively, it is possible to install it on a finished roof, i.e. covered with roofing material.

The gutter fastening hook is installed at intervals of 60 cm. At the same time, installation is mandatory near corners, funnels, plugs and at junctions. In our example - 68 hooks.

  • Downspouts (for vertical drain), pipe fittings/brackets.

The pipe can be round and rectangular. Designed for vertical water flow.

The pipe bracket is designed to fix the pipe to the wall. According to the installation method, they distinguish between “on a stone” (for fixing on a brick, stone or concrete wall. Fixing with hardware) and “on a tree” (for fixing on wooden walls (beam, log, OSB). Fixing with self-tapping screws).

The number of pipes is determined by the number of funnels. In our example, there are 4 funnels, which means there are also 4 pipe installation sites. their length is equal to the total length of all walls along which the installation is planned. Pipes are also sold in lengths of 3 and 4 m. You need to round up, since the joints on the pipe are also undesirable. Those. if you have a house height of 3.5 m, you need to buy a 4 m pipe. 0.5 will go to waste or for other needs.

Pipe fasteners are installed every meter. At the same time, their installation near the knees is mandatory.

  • Pipe elbow, drain (drain elbow).

If the design of the house is similar to that shown in the photo, then for each riser (we have 4 of them) we need two universal elbows (8 in total) and one drain (4 in total).

Distance L is measured as shown in the figure.

The material was prepared for the site www.site

Nuance. makes some adjustments to the calculation of the drainage system. The height of the attic wall affects the number and installation of gutters. The diagrams below show what needs to be taken into account when calculating.

Installation of a drainage system made of plastic (PVC)

1. Installation of drain funnels (roofing, storm, water intake) on the roof.

The gutter fastening hooks closest to the funnel are installed at a distance of 2 cm from it. They serve as holders.

Advice. The angle of inclination with respect to the funnel is 2° or 3-4 mm. by 1 m. It is convenient to check the slope with the help of a nylon thread.

With a wall length of 10 to 20 meters, it is more advisable to install the gutter in the following ways:

  • Simple slope (straight) - the funnel is installed at the end of the slope.
  • Double slope: "from the middle" or "towards the middle."

In the first case, the middle gutter is at the highest point, and the water moves to the funnels located at the corners of the building. In the second case, two extreme gutters are at the highest point and the water moves to a funnel located in the middle between them. If the length of the gutter exceeds 22 meters, three funnels or a more powerful system are installed.