How to independently fold the stove - Dutch

This article is a guide for beginners who want to combine a simple brick stove with a rough one for heating a house. Your attention is invited to an unpretentious dutch stove of the channel type, whose order and laying we will consider in detail below.

Design and scheme of work

The Dutch stove that came to us from the depths of centuries, shown in the photo, is the best option for a novice craftsman or an ordinary homeowner. Its channel system is used in modern heating stoves and fireplaces, as it is one of the most successful solutions.

The classic Dutch is not equipped with a hob or oven and consists of the following main parts:

• a medium-sized firebox with a grate;
• ash chamber with blower door;
• system of vertical or horizontal channels;
• chimney pipe.

The principle of operation is displayed by the scheme of the stove in two versions. Firewood is burned in the firebox and transfers heat to the room through the brick walls, and the heated flue gases travel through the duct system to the exit into the chimney. In the smoke circuits, the combustion products cool down, heating the furnace body from top to bottom.

What is attractive about the device of the Dutch oven:

1. Ease of laying compared to pyrolysis or bell heaters.
2. Rough can be laid out of ceramic bricks of any quality, as long as it is full-bodied.
3. Thanks to the repeated ordering, the stove rises to the required height and is able to heat 2-3 floors at the same time.
4. The building is small in plan.
5. Wood of any quality burns in the chamber, and the network of channels quickly warms up the rough and the heated room.

Over time, the craftsmen improved the Dutch woman by adding a hob with an oven to it. It also served as a prototype for a round channel furnace with a diameter of 1 m, laid out inside an iron casing, as shown in the photo and diagram.

We lay out the Dutch oven

How to fold the simplest version of a stove with three vertical channels with our own hands, we told earlier in. This publication presents a variant of the heat-consuming Dutch woman with a horizontal channel system shown in the drawing.

Heater specifications:

• thermal power - 2.5 kW;
• average heated area - 20 m²;
• dimensions in plan - 51 x 89 cm;
• planned height - 35 rows of bricks or 2.45 m (increased if necessary);
• to save heat, an internal cavity covered with sand is provided.

A traditional Dutch stove is suitable for heating a small private house, summer house or bathhouse. It is placed in a convenient place in a heated room with a distance of 10 cm from the foundation of the building and away from the outer walls. Since the design does not provide for a hob, the stove is built in a living room - a living room or a bedroom.

Procurement of building materials

A favorable feature of the Dutch in terms of economy is the possibility of using second-rate materials, including used bricks. Ordinary ravine clay and carefully sifted quartz sand will be used to prepare the solution.

For the construction of the model shown in the drawing, building materials and furnace casting will be required in the following quantities:

We arrange a rubble foundation

Since the weight of the structure is about 1.5 tons, it is necessary to install a foundation that is not connected with the foundation of the existing building. In order to save materials, it is made of rubble - from broken stone, brick and large construction debris. The upper plane of the foundation is brought to the level of the finished floor of the room.

The foundation is laid according to step-by-step instructions:

Level the foundation surface with cement mortar, wait for it to harden and lay a sheet of basalt cardboard or felt soaked with clay on top. The base of the oven is ready.

Masonry order

For the reliability of the building, it is important to properly make the masonry mortar. Soak the clay with water for 24 hours, pass through a fine sieve and mix with sand in a ratio of 1: 1, then adjust the consistency. A too greasy solution subsequently threatens to crack, and a lean one will not gain the required strength. In the first case, sand is added, in the second - clay.

Note. The density and fat content of the solution is checked by rolling in the hand. "Sausage" should not crack (a sign of high fat content) or stick to the palms (skinny mixture).

Advice. After the formation of each overlap, it is recommended to carefully coat the joints with a clay-sand mortar.

If you have some experience in building stoves, you can take on a round Dutch woman laid out inside a metal casing Ø1 m. The heater orders are shown below (rows 1-3 are solid).

Building a chimney

The pipe for the removal of combustion products is laid out with a thickness of half a brick, starting from the 36th tier of the furnace, which is the ceiling. In the laying of the chimney channel, it is allowed to use a mortar with the addition of M400 cement.

To withstand fire safety requirements, the passage through the wooden ceiling and roof must be carried out with a pipe with thickened walls. A so-called cutting is formed in the ceiling, and an otter is formed on the roof. The purpose of the wall reinforcement is to provide a standard distance of 38 cm between the gas duct and roof structures made of combustible materials, as shown in the diagram.
At the end of construction, give the Dutchman 5-10 days to completely dry the mortar, then carefully inspect all seams for cracks. If any are found, carefully fill them with clay mortar, after expanding them with a trowel. At the end, check the draft and perform the initial heating, as the master advises in the video:

How to properly lay the stove

The construction of a brick oven - the Dutch woman is carried out according to certain rules that must be observed when building with your own hands:

The internal surfaces of the channels are made smooth in order to reduce the resistance to the flow of flue gases. This is achieved by wiping the walls from the inside with a wet cloth after laying 3-5 rows. The rule is also observed in the process of building a chimney.

Conclusion

The Dutch woman is almost the only heater subject to the hands of an inexperienced bricklayer; garden and other outdoor stoves are not taken into account. If it was possible to make a solution of satisfactory quality and avoid errors in the orders, then the furnace will most likely work immediately and will not create problems in the future. For complete confidence, instead of ravine clay, use ready-made stove mixture, the price of this building material is low and will have little effect on the cost of construction.