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The better to plaster the fireplace wall of the stove. What is heat-resistant plaster for stoves and fireplaces - types of refractory mixtures. Typical problems and defects

Today, there are a large number of diverse and dissimilar finishing materials that are used for facing fireplace stoves and portals, while each coating differs not only in its individual appearance, but also in characteristics and cost.

Stucco for stoves and fireplaces is one of the most suitable and frequently used options, the main advantage of which is budget. However, do not forget that the plaster must be able to be applied correctly, so that subsequently various cracks and peelings do not begin to form on the fireplace stove. In order to do everything as correctly and professionally as possible, you need to use the tips, instructions and recommendations that you can find in this article, as well as follow a clear sequence of these actions.

Composition and division

Plastering a fireplace is a rather complicated and ambiguous process in which it is necessary to apply all available skills, knowledge and not try to do everything faster, not run ahead and not violate the stages of work.

Finishing the fireplace with plaster, in turn, implies that when choosing such a material, it is necessary to choose it in strict accordance with certain qualities and characteristics. First of all, heat-resistant plaster for stoves and fireplaces must withstand high heating temperatures and rapid cooling, while such a coating will be not only decorative, but also protective.

Stucco for ovens can be mixed with your own hands, for this you will need to purchase and prepare the necessary components, it is important that they are of high quality and added strictly in the required proportion. You can also buy a ready-made mortar for plastering the surface of stoves, fireplaces, grills, barbecues and other heating units, the most popular are Pechnik and Terracotta solutions.

Plaster, with which the oven will be reliably protected, can perform not only a protective, but also a decorative function, thus you can choose the most suitable color and structure of such a coating. According to its varieties, decorative plaster can be silicone, mineral, silicate or acrylic, to create a unique and inimitable image, you can buy Venetian plaster, after applying which the surface of the fireplace will be similar to marble with a unique and interesting pattern, color differences.

Stucco for the stove, which you can buy in Moscow and any, even the smallest city, can be Finnish, the surface of the fireplace covered with such a composition will look like the most expensive natural minerals.

Plastering the oven with your own hands is only necessary after you have bought a ready-made solution and diluted it with water in the required proportion, as an option, you can use a special proportion in which you need to prepare and combine certain components. Below you can find several options and proportions of such a composition:

Mix finishing clay 1 part and mix with 2 frequent asbestos and 2 parts sand;
Take 2 parts of sand, 1 part of lime, 1 part of clay and 1 part of asbestos, mix everything;
1 part Portland cement, 2 parts sand, 1 part asbestos and 1 part clay - mix everything well until a homogeneous consistency.

A fireplace, the plaster for which is initially mixed without water, which must be added just before use, will tolerate high heating temperatures up to 900 degrees. Such refractory plaster can be even stronger if a little straw is added to it at the last stage and it is good to sift such a solution through a fine sieve, thereby eliminating all pebbles and debris.

The furnace, the brick for which is chosen exclusively of high quality, without cracks, chips, deformations, in addition, must be a refractory furnace, this is especially important if your furnace is solid fuel and you need to assemble a furnace and a chimney - areas whose heating will be maximum.

The stove, finished with decorative plaster, will not only have good protection, but also an interesting design and decoration that will bring comfort, an indescribable atmosphere and color to your home.

Plaster, the solution of which can be either bought in a specialized store or made by oneself, should be layered taking into account a number of rules and only in compliance with the necessary sequence, which will provide such a coating with durability and presentability in the future.

The mortar, the furnace with which will accumulate thermal energy well, must be refractory, plastic, thus it will be able to expand when heated to the required degree and together with brick and masonry mortar, which will not allow cracks and deformations to form. The composition of such plaster should be as environmentally friendly and natural as possible - this will allow the safe heating of the fireplace stove, in which no harmful and hazardous substances will be released into the air of the room. Clay, the stove with which it will warm up well, should, when incorporated into the composition, form a consistency that provides your fireplace stove with a good accumulation of heated air, as well as high thermal conductivity, which will ensure maximum and efficient overheating of the house.

Do-it-yourself finishing

Plastering fireplace stoves is a responsible and complex process, although at first glance everything may look a little different, before starting facing work, it is important to make sure that you have prepared all the necessary components, materials, tools, studied the instructions and stages in detail actions performed.

For work, at the first stage you will need to purchase the following tools, which are guaranteed to make your work easier:

The tank in which you will mix the mortar and trowel;
Sandpaper and a medium-sized brush;
Bucket with clean running water;
Tools for measuring flatness - building level and / or plumb.

After all the tools and materials are purchased and prepared, you need to read the work manual again and determine the stages that you plan to follow to the end.

For convenience, at the first stage you need to heat your fireplace stove for 2-5 hours, and then clean its surface (remove the old lining, wipe off dust, degrease, tidy up all the seams and joints between the bricks).

Now you need to start the main work, which is carried out strictly in stages, you can familiarize yourself with the sequence below:

In order for the brick surface of the fireplace not to absorb a large amount of lining and at the same time the adhesion is maximum, at the first stage it is necessary to properly moisten and impregnate it with flowing clean water bricks;
Now we start applying the so-called base or the first layer of plaster, for this, using a special device, we apply it with a thin layer on the brick surface and evenly level it. The thickness of the feather base layer of plaster should not be more than 4-5 millimeters;
Now we proceed to priming the surface of the brick fireplace stove, for this we use a special heat-resistant primer, which is specially designed for these purposes. The thickness of the second applied primer layer should also be optimal and small, about 4-6 millimeters, it is necessary to apply the second layer with high quality, while distributing it over the entire brick surface, rubbing every seam, brick and thereby eliminating all previous irregularities and flaws. The second layer must fit snugly to the surface, while its consistency will be more liquid than the first main one, so that your grout does not dry out immediately, the fireplace surface must be periodically moistened by applying water;
The third layer is the latest in application, and how well it will be applied and distributed over the surface depends on which appearance will be at the final lining of the furnace. By its consistency, the third and final layer will be even more liquid than the second, it is also evenly distributed after application over the entire surface of your brick heating unit. In order for you to end up with a perfectly flat and sealed surface, make sure that at the last stage, your solution fills all the remaining cracks, voids, and irregularities.

In the end, subject to all the tips, rules, norms and recommendations, your layer of plaster, made in three stages, will be about 1.3-1.6 centimeters thick, but not more than 1.7 centimeters. Since in this case cracks and chips may begin to form on the surface, for thick lining, a special fine-mesh reinforced mesh is often used and fixed on a brick surface, which securely fixes any material and prevents it from crumbling and cracking in the future.

Also, if necessary, you can perform the design of such a cladding various materials and other compositions, for example, you can apply a certain pattern, pattern or ornament to the surface of the fireplace using acrylic or any other refractory paint. You can do this both with your own hands and with the help of special stencils that can guarantee you the best result, you can also assemble various decorative elements, shelves, boxes, countertops, firewood with your own hands.

You can additionally design and decorate your fireplace by using not only plaster or paint for its lining, but also other refractory components, such as natural and artificial stone, ceramic tiles, tempered glass and metal.

Plaster for fireplaces and stoves is a versatile product, as with its help you can decorate not only a fireplace in a classic style, but also in the most unusual styles, ranging from modern and high-tech to Provence, country, loft, art pop , gothic, minimalism.

An interesting use of decorative plaster for finishing and lining fireplace stoves with your own hands is proposed in this article, namely, imitation of brickwork:

A fireplace, designed in compliance with all basic rules and building codes, will give its owners warmth and decorate the interior of their homes for many years. However, in order for the fireplace to be truly beautiful and fit well into the surrounding space, it is necessary to complete its finishing.

The existing options for finishing private fireplaces are so diverse that you can easily choose a decor option that fits perfectly into the interior without any problems.

After the completion of the laying of the fireplace, the seams must be grouted. In accordance with the technology, the solution is distributed between the masonry elements using a special curly tool. The seams can be made indented or convex at the choice of the owner.
Also, the seams can be filled with a solution with pigments of the desired color. The finished design will look quite beautiful and original.

Start processing with the design of horizontal seams. Clean the dried solution with a brush made of natural materials. It is better not to use tools with wire bristles for such processing - it is too rough.

Finally, coat the masonry with a special heat-resistant paint and varnish composition of your choice.

Painted brick fireplace

Stucco finish

The easiest to perform and one of the most budgetary methods of finishing a fireplace, which is widely popular.

Plaster allows you to create a wide variety of decorative effects. For example, you can apply finishing plaster with a sponge or a special rubber spatula, which will create an attractive “ripple” effect. To enhance the result, the solution can be slightly tinted with water-based or lime-based paint.

Let the erected brick fireplace dry completely and proceed with the plastering.

Video - Plastering the fireplace

First step

Add fiberglass, previously cut into small pieces, and salt to the composition of the plaster mixture. Such additives will help improve the quality of the coating.

Second step

Clean the surface of the fireplace and close the seams to about a centimeter deep. It is best to keep the fireplace a little warm, so you will need to heat it before you start plastering.

Third step

Slightly dampen the fireplace and start applying the first coat of plaster using the "spray" method.

Fourth step

Venetian - fireplace decor

After the first layer of finish has completely dried, proceed to applying the finishing plaster. To do this, use a trowel or brush. Level the applied coating with a grater.

The thickness of the final layer of plaster should be no more than 0.5 cm. Level the coating in a circular motion. The surface can be lightly sprinkled with water if needed.

Fireplace decoration - vine molding and decorative plaster

The fastening of the material is carried out traditionally on a pre-equipped frame. In the process of fastening the vertical frame racks, make sure that in the future the joints of the sheets are as accurate as possible.

The connection of plates can be carried out exclusively on frame elements. Attaching sheets between profiles is prohibited.